“We need to focus on technologies that have proven their worth,” said EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen. She also announced that America’s Pfizer and Germany’s BioNTech would provide the EU with an extra 50 million doses in the 2nd quarter of this year, making up for faltering deliveries of AstraZeneca.
In contrast to the oft-criticised Anglo-Swedish company, von der Leyen said Pfizer-BioNTech “has proven to be a reliable partner. It has delivered on its commitments, and it is responsive to our needs. This is to the immediate benefit of EU citizens.”
Exacerbating the problems for AstraZeneca, Denmark decided on Wednesday not to resume use of its vaccine, after putting it on hold last month following reports of rare blood clots in some recipients.
The bulk of the shots given in the Scandinavian country so far have been the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, but the decision not to resume with AstraZeneca could deal another blow to confidence in the jab.
Denmark fears ‘real risk of severe side effects’
The UK and much of Europe took similar measures but Denmark is the first European nation to completely cease using the Anglo-Swedish drugmaker’s jab.
Others had temporarily halted the use of AstraZeneca whilst the rare blood clots were investigated, but numerous drug advisory groups reiterated the vaccine’s benefits outweighed any risks.
“Based on the scientific findings, our overall assessment is there is a real risk of severe side effects associated with using the COVID-19 vaccine from AstraZeneca,” Danish Health Authority director-general Søren Brostrøm said in a statement on Wednesday.
“We have, therefore, decided to remove the vaccine from our vaccination programme.”
Dr Brostrøm said the DHA agreed with the European Medicines Agency’s risk-benefit analysis for the AstraZeneca vaccine but highlighted the agency’s advice to take the local virus situation into account.
“In the midst of an epidemic, it has been a difficult decision to continue our vaccination programme without an effective and readily available vaccine against COVID-19,” he said.
“However, we have other vaccines at our disposal, and the epidemic is currently under control.
“Furthermore, we have come a long way towards vaccinating the older age groups where vaccination has a tremendous potential impact on preventing infection.”
Crushing pressure on lagging EU
The Johnson & Johnson jab, which uses the same base technology as AstraZeneca, hit a snag this week when US regulators recommended a “pause” in administering Johnson & Johnson shots. Deliveries in the EU have been suspended.
AstraZeneca was supposed to be the workhorse of the EU’s vaccine drive this year — a cheap and easy-to-transport shot to break the pandemic’s back. Yet, the EU said that out of 120 million doses promised for the first quarter, only 30 million were delivered, and, of the 180 million expected, now there are only 70 million set for delivery in the second quarter.
Because of that shortfall, the EU has come under crushing pressure as, even though it it is a major producer and exporter of vaccines, it cannot get its vaccinations even close to the levels of the United Kingdom and the United States.
The Our World in Data site said 47.5 per cent of people in the UK have received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine, compared to 36.6 per cent in the US and 16.4 per cent in the EU.
Now, Pfizer-BioNTech could well become the key to beat the pandemic on the continent.
With 200 million doses already earmarked for the bloc this quarter from Pfizer-BioNTech the 50 million additional deliveries will be especially welcomed by EU nations dealing with supply delays and concerns over rare blood clots potentially linked to the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine.
Von der Leyen said the EU will start negotiating to buy 1.8 billion doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine through 2023.
“It will entail that not only the production of the vaccines, but also all essential components, will be based in the EU,” von der Leyen said.
The European Commission currently has a portfolio of 2.3 billion doses from half a dozen companies and is negotiating more contracts.
Von der Leyen expressed full confidence in the technology used for the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, which is different from that behind the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine.
The active ingredient in the Pfizer-BioNTech shot is messenger RNA, or mRNA, which contains the instructions for human cells to construct a harmless piece of the coronavirus called the spike protein. The human immune system recognises the spike protein as foreign, allowing it to mount a response against the virus upon infection.
Astra Zeneca’s is made with a cold virus that sneaks the spike protein gene into the body. It’s a very different form of manufacturing: Living cells in giant bioreactors grow that cold virus, which is extracted and purified.
Von der Leyen said Europe needs to have a technology that can boost immunity, tackle new variants and produce shots quickly and massively. “mRNA vaccines are a clear case in point,” she said.
The planned negotiations with Pfizer left in the middle what the EU would do about any new contracts with AstraZeneca. “Other contracts, with other companies, may follow,” said von der Leyen.
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